Bob Heffner's Civil War News Cards HomePage

01 - THE ANGRY MAN
Harper's Ferry, Va. - Oct. 16, 1859
JOHN BROWN RAIDS U. S. ARSENAL
A violent raid by a Northern band, led by John Brown, shocked the nation today. Sweeping down from Ohio, the fanatic group tried to seize a United States arsenal. With only a handful of men to support him, John Brown had hoped to acquire sufficient weapons so that he could start slave rebellion. Failing to obtain the ammunition Brown did succeed in gaining control of an enginehouse. The United States is sending a troop of marines to Harper's Ferry to capture the renegade band, High officials in the government had hoped to negotiate the serious slavery issue but tension between the north and south reached its highest peak today.

02 - PRESIDENT JEFF DAVIS
Montgomery, Ala. - Feb. 18, 1861
THOUSANDS CHEER THE NEW LEADER
A near panic in Montgomery today as a record crowd came streaming into the City to witness the inauguration of Jefferson Davis. The president of the Confederate States, an experienced man in politics, has served in Congress as a Senator. The former West Point graduate was the Secretary of War from 1853 till 1857. Southern officials are convinced that Davis will be a strong president and earn the respect of both the North and the South. Thousands witnessed the inauguration and cheered wildly when the ceremony was over. The official flag of the Confederate States will be unfurled for the first time within a few days, the new president announced.

03 - THE WAR STARTS
Fort Sumter, S. C. - April. 12, 1861
WAR BEGINS; FORT IS FIRED ON
Bullets announced the beginning of a War, as Confederate troops opened fire on Fort Sumter this morning. South Carolina, long annoyed by the fort's presence, had demanded its evacuation only yesterday. Fighting valiantly to protect the fort, Northern troops are aware that their provisions are running dangerously low. Notified by President Lincoln that supplies are on the way. Major Anderson, the officer in charge, is reported to be concerned how they will reach Fort Sumter. Confederate troops will make certain that the supplies are not delivered. From Washington comes word that President Lincoln has called his nation to arms. The fear that is running through the public is that the war is going to be long and costly for North and South.

04 - REBEL POWER
Bull Run, Va. - July 21, 1861
UNION FORCES LOSE A MAJOR BATTLE
The Union forces were met and turned back by the Confederate power at Bull Run earlier today. The Federal leaders had hoped for a victory here and then an easy march toward the state capital, Richmond. When fighting started on the 18th, it was the Federal troops that pushed back the Confederates. But reinforcements quickly arrived and turned the tide of the fighting. Smashing into the enemy, the Confederates launched wave after wave of brutal assaults, completely shattering any Union attempts to advance. The Federal soldiers had no choice but to withdraw and some of the brigades fled all the way back to Washington. The victory caused much jubilation in the Southern camp. (Card #4 is listed on the checklist as Confederate Power.)

05 - EXPLODING FURY
Fort Henry, Tennessee - Feb. 6, 1862
FORT HENRY FALLS TO UNION TROOPS
The Union soldiers gained possession of Fort Henry today, at the cost of high casualties. Federal gunboats crippled the South's hopes of maintaining control of the Tennessee River with its devastating and continued assault on the fort. During the battle, a cannon and boiler exploded on the Union gunboat, The Essex. Many of the sailors were wounded and painfully scalded by the accidents. But the attack never let up. It created such a great disturbance in the fort that many Confederate soldiers fled for their lives. With only 100 men to support the fort, General Tilghman signaled to the Northern forces to cease fire. The defeat was a heavy blow to the South.

06 - PULLED TO SAFETY
Fort Donelson, Tenn. - Feb. 16, 1862
UNION FORCES RALLY, TAKE FT. DONELSON
An exciting victory for the North today, as they have captured Fort Donelson after a long aud rugged battle. The fall of the fort gives the Union much of Kentucky and Tennessee. General Grant led his Northern troops against his pre-war friend, Simon Bolivar Buckner. Buckner was the officer in charge of the men at Ft. Donelson. The Southern soldiers seemed to be repelling the Union gun boats, when reinforcements arrived to aid General Grant. The fort did not have the strength to continue shelling the gunboats. Simon Bolivar Buckner had no choice but to surrender his men and Fort Donelson to Grant.

07 - DEATH AT SEA
Norfolk, Va. - Mar. 8, 1862
REBEL SHIP WRECKS THE CUMBERLAND
The South scored a smashing sea-victory this morning, as a Confederate ship rammed into the side of the Federal's frigate, The Cumberland. For 45 minutes the sailors fought back at the attacking ship, although water was pouring onto the deck. The Southern destroyer showed no mercy in its determination to sink the Union boat. Before the boat disappeared beneath the sea, surviving sailors leaped into the icy water to stay alive. With the aid of small boats, many of the Federal seamen managed to reach the shore. Others couldn't it reach the boats and struggled vainly to swim to safety. The defeat of The Cumberland dramatically revealed the true naval strength of the Confederate forces to the world.

08 - DESTRUCTIVE BLOW
Norfolk, Virginia - Mar. 8, 1862
MERRIMAC SINKS ANOTHER FED SHIP
The mighty Confederate battle - ship struck again this afternoon, wielding its GENERAL LEE to the Union frigate, The Congress. Sailing away from its previous victories, The Merrimac spotted 3 Confederate ships dueling with the Union seacraft. Attacked viciously, The Congress had little defense to offer and was shortly on fire. The crew of the battered ship escaped in small boats and rowed to shore. The Merrimac left its victim and victoriously returned to her seaport, Norfolk. The Congress burned throughout the day and exploded in the evening, leaving little remains of a huge vessel, Confederate officers called the explosion, "a burning monument to the South's greatness."

09 - SAVAGES ATTACK
Pea Ridge, Ark. - Mar. 9, 1862
CASUALTIES HIGH AS FEDS ARE VICTORS
Despite heavy losses, Union troops crashed through Rebel lines to win the battle at Pea Ridge. Led by General Curtis, the Northern forces ended the bloody combat in three days. Both sides made use of Indians in fighting their enemy. Often the Indians engaged in battles between themselves but they also attacked the soldiers unmercifully. Tomahawks and knives were as common a weapon as the Army rifles, Earl Van Dorn, The Confederate leader, was largely responsible for the defeat of his own men. Faulty strategy put his enemy between Southern forces and the Confederate supply train. With ammunition and food running dangerously low, the Rebel troops could not function effectively.

10 - DESTRUCTION AT SEA
Hampton Roads, Va. - Mar. 9, 1862
THE MONITOR TURNS BACK THE MERRIMAC
One of the most exciting sea-battles ever fought took place when two iron-clads met in a duel today. The already famous Merrimac, the Rebel scourge of the sea, battled the North's first iron-clad, The Monitor. For four hours the two ships fired at each other, until the Merrimac was badly damaged and had to withdraw. The Monitor did not suffer any damage during the conflict and left triumphantly for its home port. The North went wild upon hearing the news of The Monitor's victory. The legend that the Merrimac could not be defeated had been shattered. President Lincoln had often looked out of the windows of the White House and fearfully expected to see The Merrimac making its way up the Potomac River to attack Washington.

11 - ATTACK
Front Royal, Va. - Mar. 26, 1862
UNION FAILS TO TURN BACK ATTACK
General Stonewall Jackson with 17,000 troops successfully destroyed a garrison of Union soldiers this afternoon. The Northern forces met their enemies head on. Despite the fact that the Union troops were better trained and equipped with lances, the Rebel soldiers were the victors. Fighting with courage and daring, Stonewall's men dealt crippling blows to the Federal troops. Blood flowed freely and anguished cries of pain were heard over the battlefield. The mounted lancers failed in their attempt to stop General Jackson's men. Stonewall himself was surprised by the victory of his soldiers. "Our courage is our shield," explained the general when he spoke about the battle.

12 - BLOODY COMBAT
Kernstown, Va. - Mar. 23, 1862
BADLY OUTNUMBERED REBS LOSE BATTLE
General Stonewall Jackson tried in vain to turn back the Union forces today at Kernstown. Jackson made a valiant stand against the Northern Army despite the overwhelming odds against his badly outnumbered band of fighters. The Union force was led by James Shields, who was trying to join General Grant. Shields found it an easy matter of passing through the opposition. General Lee had hoped that Jackson would be able to hold off the Northern reinforcements. Lee is aware that the Union leaders are planning to invade Richmond once they have gathered in strength. Stonewall Jackson is now awaiting reinforcements so that his Army can start an offensive attack of its own.

13 - DYING EFFORT
Cross Keys, Va. - Mar. 27, 1862
JACKSON BEATS FEDS IN FIERCE BATTLE
The South has a new hero today in General Stonewall Jackson. The fiery leader led the Southern troops to a sweeping victory at Cross Keys, earlier today. It appears that Jackson is picking up strength and momentum as he heads toward General Lee. The Confederate general turned back John Fremont's efforts to halt the progress of the South in a hard-fought costly battle. The Northern soldiers attacked without warning and the element of surprise gave them the first edge. Men and horses fell to the ground as a rain of bullets lashed out at the Southern troops. Rallying quickly however, the Confederate fighters rapidly gained control of the situation. Retreat was only means of escape for Union soldiers leaving Jackson with another victory.

14 - FIGHT TO THE FINISH
Shiloh, Tenn. - Apr. 7, 1862
UNION HELP ARRIVES; REBELS RETREAT
After fighting a losing battle for 24 hours, General Grant's reinforcements arrived at Shiloh and turned back the Confederate forces. The reinforcements were bought by Generals Buell and Wallace. Once the fresh divisions arrived, Grant's men stopped their backslide and regained all of the ground that they had lost the previous day. In the battle, Confederate General Sidney Johnston was killed. The general was shot in the leg and bled to death before his personal physician reached him. Ironically the doctor was treating wounded Union soldiers at the time. Only yesterday, Johnston led the attack that surprised the Northern soldiers at their breakfast table.

15 - NATURE'S FURY
Island #10 - Apr. 7, 1862
REBEL STRONGHOLD FALLS TO UNION
The Union's naval forces have successfully gained control of a Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River, it was disclosed today. One of the islands which the South has been using to great advantage was seized by General John Pope, when Union ironclads fired relentlessly on it. A small Confederate fleet tried to repel the attack, but offered little resistance to the powerful flotilla. Thousands of spectators who watched the battle from the shore, saw several Confederate ships sunk and other Southern boats burned or captured. With Union boats steaming up and down the Mississippi, Memphis surrendered to the North. News of the victory sent Washington into a joyous uproar.

16 - DIRECT HIT
New Orleans, La. - Apr. 24, 1862
UNION NAVY TAKES NEW ORLEANS
The Northern Navy completely crushed Southern defenses today, as Union ships steamed into New Orleans. The South was counting on protection from Fort Jackson and Fort St. Phillip in case of a sea invasion. Led by Admiral Farragut, Northern warships easily turned back the resistance offered by Fort Jackson. Without effect, Fort St. Phillip lashed out at the enemy, several times scoring with hits and temporarily driving Farragut's ships back. Confederate warships steamed out of New Orleans to offer a battle, but were repelled by the deadly guns of the Union. The Northern victory here gives the Union a strong hold on the Mississippi River.... so important, as a lifeline for the South. The Confederate's greatest seaport is lost

17 - THE FLAMING RAFT
New Orleans, La. - Apr. 26, 1862
HALT PLOT TO BURN UNION BOAT
An alert lookout on the Union ship The Nationalist is responsible for thwarting a Confederate plot to burn the boat. David Hurron was at his post when he saw "a raft burning brightly at one end" moving through the darkness toward the ship. Pushing the raft from a canoe, three Southern loyalists hoped to destroy The Nationalist. Once alerted, the crew of the ship opened fire at the men in the canoe. Bullets splashed harmlessly in the water, missing their targets at first. But as the raft edged closer to the boat, the men were silhouetted by the flames and gunned down, The treacherous plot having failed, the flaming raft, drifted out to sea.

18 - DEATH TO THE ENEMY
Williamsburg, Va. - May 5, 1862
McCLELLAN PUSHES UNION ARMY FORWARD
Continuing its forward movement toward Richmond, the Union Army engaged in vicious battle on the outskirts of Williamsburg today. Under the leadership of George McClellan the Federal forces exchanged blows with the Confederate troops. The Southern division was weak and there weren't enough men to hold off the enemy. After a gallant stand for several hours the Confederate fighters were forced to retreat. Heavy rains during the past several days have slowed up the movement of both Armies. The fields and roads are heavy with mud, causing delays and discontentment. The long march to Richmond continues with men not only having to battle themselves but the elements as well.

19 - PUSHED TO HIS DOOM
Winchester, Va. - May 24, 1862
STONEWALL CRUSHES UNION OPPOSITION
General Stonewall Jackson continued with his amazing string of victories by smashing the Union forces at Winchester. Jackson's Confederate division caught up with the Northern Army in a heavy fog. At dawn when the fog was thickest, Jackson's troops completely disorganized the enemy. General Nathaniel Banks was forced to flee with the Federal troops all the way back to the Potomac River. President Lincoln was understandably distressed at this turn of events. In the Confederate camp Lee was overjoyed. The Southern military leader said, "Stonewall is my right arm." General jackson has taken his division and is heading to meet General Lee.

20 - DEATH FALL
Fair Oaks, Va. - May 30, 1862
BALLOONISTS WATCH BATTLE FROM SKY
A daring balloonist was struck by a cannon shell and plunged to his death in flames, over the battlefield today. Northern observation balloons were hovering over Fair Oaks to get an aerial view of the combat. Watching from the air, the North hopes to spot mistakes in military strategy and not let them reoccur. The Confederate Army suffered a severe blow too, when General Johnston was badly injured during the battle. Johnston was struck in the shoulder and chest by shells. Early medical reports say that Johnston will be cut of action for several months. Both the North and the South are beginning to realize that this war will not end in the near future. Many more will die before the last shot has been fired.

21 - PAINFUL DEATH
Port Republic, Va. - June 7, 1862
JACKSON'S FIGHTERS PUSH BACK UNION
While the Confederate military is not doing well in other areas of the country, General Stonewall Jackson continues to roll up impressive victories in Virginia. At Port Republic, the Southern forces were a potent force. Charging into the Union lines and attacking savagely, the Confederates badly stunned the Northern Army. General James Shields has been helpless to do anything as the Confederate opposition fights recklessly and survives. General Jackson attacked at dawn, with the entrenched Union Army ready to meet the assault. The heavy onslaught was too strong for the Federal troops to fight off and retreat was the only answer as General Jackson triumphed

22 - WAVE OF DEATH
Mechanicsville, Va. - June 26, 1862
BOTH ARMIES MEET NEAR RICHMOND
The Confederate Army is at full strength outside Richmond and is in heavy combat with the Union forces. The Northern troops have steadily progressed toward Richmond during the previous weeks, so that they now represent a serious threat to the city. General Lee has moved his troops to Mechanicsville to meet the division led by the Union officer Fitz-John Porter. The Southern commander is expecting General Jackson to arrive with his division shortly, which will further strengthen the Confederate power. General John Magruder is standing by at Richmond with 25,000 troops to prevent any sudden attack on the city by the Federal Army.

23 - CRUSHED BY WHEELS
Mechanicsville, Va. - June 26, 1862
McCLELLAN ORDERS A UNION RETREAT
The entire Northern camp fled from the battlefield so that they could reposition themselves today. Following the orders of General McClellan, The Army immediately withdrew to Gaines' Mill where they will be stationed, pending further combat. Horses and men thundered over the roadside as they sought to set themselves up in the best possible defensive positions. Tension eased up in Richmond with the sudden retreat, for citizens had been fearful of a Northern invasion of the city. "The enemy was so close," explained an inhabitant, "You could hear the soldiers snoring in the evening." The opposing Armies are now separated by a swamp and a forest. Ironically, the Northern soldiers are depending upon these Southern landmarks for protection.

24 - AFTER THE BATTLE
Gaines' Mills, Va. - June 27, 1862
GAINES' MILL IS LOST BY UNION
With their supply lines center of the Northern cut off, Federal troops had no choice but to leave Gaines' Mill and retreat. Throughout the day the Union Army had repelled any attack upon them by the Southern forces. At dusk General Lee launched one last powerful assault on the Union forces. General Hood's Texas division ripped through the center of the Northern Army and stranded the Union's fighters without food and ammunition. General Fitz-John Porter had no choice but to withdraw across the Chickahominy River. Many of the wounded Federal fighters had to be left on the battlefield where they were taken prisoners by the Confederates.

25 - HANGING THE SPY
Eden, Pa. - June 29, 1862
15 YEAR OLD BOY HANGED AS SPY
A mother wept hysterically as she helplessly watched the execution of her 15 year old son, in Eden this morning. The boy, Johnathan Peters, had been found guilty of stealing Federal secret documents and selling them to a Confederate colonel. Shaking with emotion, Johnathan's 6 year old brother Will, had to be dragged off the scaffold by two soldiers. The victim seemed completely undisturbed by his fate and awaited his execution bravely. His apparent coolness brought him respect from the spectators. The inhabitants of Eden felt that the death sentence was unduly harsh, considering the age of the youth. "Military justice must be served," an Army official was quoted.

26 - MESSENGER OF DEATH
Frayser's farm, Va. - June 30, 1862
UNION SUFFERS A COSTLY DEFEAT
The Confederate Army continued their highspirited fighting and was able to defeat the Union Army in a bloody battle at Frayser's farm, today. The tide of the battle was in the Southern forces favor throughout. Union troops were helpless as the enemy waged attack after attack. Victims fell at an alarming rate and retreat was the only possible choice. Rumor is spreading in the camp that the War Department is very dissatisfied at the way things have been going for General McClellan. The Union officer has been steadily driven back as the Confederates have fought furiously for victory. The spirit of the Federal Army is low and it is hoped that the arrival of reinforcements will help.

27 - BLOOD MASSACRE
White Oak Swamp, Va. - June 30, 1862
LOSSES HIGH AS FEDS LOSE BATTLE
Defeat at White Oak Swamp today has brought the startling realization that the Union has definitely underestimated the spirit and fortitude of the Confederate fighters. Once considered hardly a match for the "fierce Union Army," the Rebels have convinced the nation that they can hold their own on any military battlefield. Today's defeat was another in a long line of losses which the Union troops have suffered during the current Virginia campaign. Fighting erupted suddenly at noon and lasted for three hours. Bodies carpeted the swampland and blood dyed the foliage a bright red. President Lincoln is fearful for the safety of Washington, now that the Confederate Army has revealed it's real strength.

28 - THE CANNON ROARS
Malvern Hill, Va. - July 1, 1862
MORE BLOOD SPILLED; VICTORY FOR SOUTH
Both sides suffered heavy losses at Malvern Hill today, but the final outcome saw the Southern forces victorious. Fighting has exhausted both armies, with blood being spilled every day during the past week. General McClellan's men have been a disappointment to the citizens in the North. President Lincoln is having Washington recruit 300,000 men immediately to bolster the faltering Federal militia. Plans for the Union to march to Richmond have now been all but forgotten. The North has found itself in the embarrassing position of being on the defensive during all recent battles. Today Jefferson Davis spoke in Montgomery and praised the strategy of General Lee. The Confederate president promised a victory for the South.

29 - BRIDGE OF DOOM
Rustburg, Va. - Aug. 15, 1862
DYNAMITED BRIDGE BRINGS DEATH TO 17
An old wooden bridge across Pawannee Creek was blasted by dynamite by the Confederates this evening, bringing death to 17 Union soldiers. The victims bodies were hurled through the air as the structure was torn apart by explosion. Several bodies ave been recovered from the creek, but identification has been impossible. Half of the troops had crossed the bridge earlier in the evening. The blast attracted their attention and they returned quickly to the creek only to see the remains still glowing fiercely. One of the survivors who had out on the bridge said,"It was sheer horror. Right in front of my eyes I saw my Comrades being blown up. They flew through the air like twigs in a hurricane. I'll never forget that awful moment."

30 - CHARGING THE BULLETS
Manassas, Va. - Aug. 30, 1862
STONEWALL TURNS BACK THE ENEMY
Stonewall Jackson and General James Longstreet successfully led their men to victory over the Yankees on a familiar battlefield earlier today. Defying death, the inspired Confederate Army struck the Northern fighters with all their power. One Southern unit ran low on ammunition and the fighters picked up rocks and sticks to drive back the Union soldiers.The Federal leaders are forced to pull their men back and await reinforcements from General Pope. A year ago, the two Armies clashed on the very same battleground. Then too, the Confederate forces successfully turned back the Northern forces. Having completed the second day of combat, the casualties reached the figures of 15,000 for the Union and 9,000 for the South.

31 - TERROR OF THE SEA
New Orleans, La. - Sept. 15, 1862
THE ALABAMA SINKS ANOTHER UNION SHIP
The Confederate Naval power jolted the North today when the death ship "Alabama" sank the Union frigate "Commerce." The frigate tried to outrace the "Alabama." but could not compete with, the powerful warship. The "Commerce" started sinking after the first few hits had been made. The seamen on board leaped into the churning waters and clung to whatever driftwood was available. Struggling to survive the whirlpool the men panicked and pulled one another down under the sea. The "Alabama" sent down rescue boats to help the crew of the "Commerce." Many lives could not be saved So far, not one Union ship has been able to stand up to the terror of the sea, the "Alabama."

32 - DEATH STRUGGLE
Antietam Creek, Md. - Sept. 15, 1862
LEE'S ARMY ALMOST DEFEATED BY UNION
Just when defeat appeared Certain, General A. P. Hill arrived with a fresh regiment and saved the day for General Lee. The Southern Army had fought valiantly, but the men were fatigued and they were losing ground. The arrival of the new troops was just what the, Confederate fighters needed to turn back the Northern Army. The two Armies battled each other at close range during the day, with soldiers resorting to their swords rather than their rifles. The continued head-on fighting was what the better trained Union Army desired. Whenever an opportunity for the Union Army existed, there was no support from reinforcements. The battle was won by the help brought to Lee at the last possible moment.

33 - FIGHT FOR SURVIVAL
Federicksburg, Va. - Dec. 13, 1862
FOG LIFTS; COMBAT BREAKS OUT AT LAST
A battle that was supposed to begin 2 weeks ago finally began this morning when the fog lifted. The Union's General Burnside had planned to launch the attack earlier but was held up because of the stormy weather and fog. The citizens of Fredericksburg have fled for safety and the Union soldiers completely destroyed the town. The invaders ran wild before the battle, burning and pilfering buildings and stores. In the woods just outside Fredericksburg, Stonewall Jackson's men waited in hiding. When the federal soldiers charged into the woods, bullets greeted them. Trying desperately to overpower the Confederate troops, the Union suffered heavy losses and were driven back. General Burnside's only choice was to call back his men and await reinforcements.

34 - WALL OF CORPSES
Fredericksburg, Va. - Dec. 16, 1862
UNION TROOPS CUT TO RIBBONS BY REBS
Federal troops were at the mercy of the Confederate bullets as death and the Confederacy shared the Victory today. In one of most costly battles of the war, 9.000 Union fighters lost their lives on the open plains. The battlefield was strewn with young gallant fighters who had been killed in the battle. The defeat has been blamed on blundering military strategy on the part of the Union generals. General Lee was thankful to hear that Confederate casualties were kept down to only 1,500. He expressed great faith in the soldiers of the Confederacy and hoped that today's victory would help bring about the end of the war. Stonewall Jackson felt that the spirit of the Union fighters would be broken every time they recalled Fredericksburg.

35 - GASPING FOR AIR
Stones River, Tenn. - Jan. 3, 1863
CONFEDERATE CHARGE ACROSS RIVER FAILS
General Rosecrans had the Northern soldiers stationed on the east bank of Stones River when the Confederate Army charged at them this afternoon. The Confederate commander, General Braxton Bragg, had been watching the federal troops for several days and thought the time to push back the enemy had arrived. Unfortunately, Bragg had seriously miscalculated the Northern Army's strength and his men were defeated. The combat was fast and savage as the men fought for their lives. The battle spilled over the land and into the waters of Stones River. At a crucial point during the battle, several regiments arrived from Illinois. The unexpected help was more than enough to push back the Confederates.

36 - MIDNIGHT RAID
Hartsdale, Va. - Mar. 30, 1863
REBS SURPRISED BY MIDNIGHT RAID
A camp of 400 Confederate soldiers was completely destroyed last night when an unexpected raid by a Federal division took place. The Union soldiers carried flaming torches into the camp and started burning the tents with the sleeping men in them. Several of the Southern soldiers were aroused by the thundering hoofs but were gunned down before they could warn the rest of their comrades. In a half-hour the camp was completely destroyed and the Union troops watched from a hillside as the flames continued to devour the canvas. Upon learning of the attack, General Lee expressed great shock and regret. "It's a pity how war will bring out all the viciousness that man is capable of. We of the South will not fo an attack of this nature."

37 - DEATH BARGES IN
Twin Forks, Ga. - Mar. 30, 1863
REBELS SLAY TOP UNION OFFICERS
A group of Union soldiers were slain by Confederate fighters this afternoon, in the dining room . of a Georgia mansion. The Union troop evidently thought it would be fine to dine in the abandoned Southern home. A detachment of Confederate soldiers had other ideas when they heard the sounds of revelry coming out of the mansion. Several daring leaders dashed through the front door and into the dining room on horseback. The startled Union soldiers had no time to reach their weapons which were in another room. One of the intended victims wore his gun and drew it to shoot. Before he could strike, a sword flew through the air and landed in the soldier's midsection. The Rebel troop poured into the dining room and slaughtered the intruders.

38 - GENERAL GRANT
Northern Headquarters - Apr. 1, 1863
GEN. GRANT PLOTS FUTURE STRATEGY
General Ulysses S. Grant, the leader of the Northern Army, ~spent the afternoon meeting with his top military consultants planning his future strategy in the war. After the meeting was adjourned, the General dispatched a messenger to Washington with a personal message for President Lincoln. Lincoln has expressed his full confidence in the military capabilities of the general on many occasions. Grant, who attended West Point, first won fame in Mexico as a soldier. After the Mexican campaign, Grant retired to his farm. He was quick to join the Federal Army when the Civil War broke out. In one of the early major battles in the war, General Grant led the Union to victory over the Confederates at Fort Donelson.

39 - GENERAL LEE
Southern Headquarters - Apr. 1, 1863
GENERAL LEE VISITS WOUNDED SOLDIERS
The leader of the war's most important Southern Army, General Robert Edward Lee visited the temporary medical station set up near the battlefield today. Wounded soldiers came out of their beds to be present when the famous commander rode through the camp. His presence lifted the spirits of the men. Lee's background and training has helped shape him into one of the war's most important figures.He graduated from West Point in 1829 and ironically started his career as an officer in the United States Army. Offered the field command of the U.S. Army by President Lincoln, Lee turned it down when war threatened in 1861. Although against secession, he made up his mind not to fight against the South.

40 - BULLETS OF DEATH
Port Gibson, Miss. - May 1, 1863
GRANT WHIPS REBS AT PORT GIBSON
The steady barrage of bullets cut into the Southern troops and forced them back as General Grant gained control of Port Gibson this afternoon. The victory was hailed as a major success in the Northern camp as Grant hopes for the surrender of Vicksburg. Gaining control of the city has been the goal of the Union forces since last December. Several campaigns have been launched against the city by General Sherman and General Grant. Their failures have been a bitter disappointment to President Lincoln and the Federal government. The eyes of the nation are now on Grant as he presses his men onward to the city. High in spirits, the Union troops are eager for the taste of battle and promise a victory at Vicksburg.

41 - PROTECTING HIS FAMILY
Westford, Va. - May 2, 1863
UNION SOLDIERS BURN SOUTHERN HOME
A band of renegade Union deserters set fire to a Southern home and terrorized private citizens living in Westford, early this morning. Fleeing for their lives, the Barton family saw their large home completely demolished by flames.Young Billy Barton probably saved his family by picking up a rifle he kept hidden in the barn and firing it at the soldiers. Jumping onto a buckboard, the Barton clan raced to the center of town for protection. The soldiers were drunk according to eyewitnesses who passed them on the road. Shooting their guns off at passersby, the deserters had the entire town living in fear.The inhabitants were saved when a passing troop of Southern soldiers arrived and halted the activities by capturing the hostile band.

42 - THE BATTLE CONTINUES
Chancellorsville, Va. - May 10, 1863
BADLY BATTERED UNION RETREATS
Attacking with sudden fury, the South was able to push back the enemy at Chancellorsville, today. General Lee and General Jackson led their men to an overwhelming victory as they caught the Northern Army off guard. The North's General Hooker believed that the Confederates were pulling back because they were outnumbered.Despite the fact that the Union had 20,000 more men the South had the element of surprise working for them when they struck their deathblow. The fighting was reckless and the Union fought poorly as they tried to return the attack. The Union found themselves falling back time after time to a new position. It was the Southern Army which was on the offensive as the Federal soldiers appeared completely helpless.

43 - COSTLY MISTAKE
Chancellorsville, Va. - May 10, 1863
STONEWALL JACKSON SHOT IN ERROR
General Stonewall Jackson is dead! The famous leader of the Southern Army was shot to death by one of his own men by mistake. At 9:00 P.M. the general and his staff were returning from a scouting mission. The Southern camp was restless and on the alert for a sudden attack from the North. Seeing a band of men in the distance, the guards fired upon and killed Jackson. The entire Confederacy is stunned by the news and is in mourning for the deceased leader. General Lee said, "I have lost my right arm and I know it can never be replaced." Jackson, a brilliant military man, was responsible for some of the Confederate's biggest victories in the war.

44 - SHOT TO DEATH
Jackson, Miss. - May 15, 1863
UNION ARMY GAINS CONTROL OF TOWN
General Grant stormed into Jackson this afternoon and sent the Southern Army scurrying for safety. The loss of the town hurt the Confederates because Jackson was the last link that Vicksburg had with the South. General Joe Johnson, having just recovered from gunshot wounds, could offer hardly any resistance to the Union power. Once in charge of the town, Grant followed General Sherman's orders and destroyed the entire town. The inhabitants fled for their lives, leaving their homes and precious possessions at the mercy of the enemy soldiers. The last hope of the Confederacy was to cut off the North's supply lines and force them to leave Jackson. But Grant's men had no supply lines and were living off the town they had captured.

45 - THE RIVERBOAT EXPLODES
Memphis, Tenn. - June 5, 1863
EXPLODING BOAT BRINGS DEATH TO 98
Disaster struck on the Mississippi River this afternoon when a riverboat blew up, killing 98 passengers and crew members. The huge blast was heard for miles along the banks of the river. Confederate authorities are convinced that the explosion was the work of Northern saboteurs. In the past, military meetings have secretly been held on riverboats like the one which was destroyed today. Believing Confederate officers were aboard the vessel, its destruction was plotted. The Army has sent men to the area where they are trying to find some clues as to who might be behind the sinister work. Eyewitnesses on the shore said the boat suddenly burst into flames and a tremendous explosion followed. The riverboat was completely demolished in minutes.

46 - VICIOUS ATTACK
Gettysburg, Pa. - July 2, 1863
LEE'S ARMY ATTACKS IN FULL FORCE
The Southern Army lashed into the Northern lines early today, as General Hill's Rebels came storming into Gettysburg. The Confederate Army had the upper hand over the Northern soldiers and drove them to cover. Throughout the day the shooting and fighting continued, man after man falling on the battlefield. As evening came, the Union pulled together their badly battered forces and tried to prepare for the following day's fight. Casualties were very high for the North. GeneraI Lee hopes for a swift victory in tomorrow's battle when the North's General Meade will be in combat with an especially thin defensive line. A Southern victory at Gettysburg would be a serious blow to the Federal government.

47 - DEATH BATTLE
Seminary Ridge, Pa. - July 3, 1863
LEE'S ARMY PUSHED BACK TO VIRGINIA
The Southern Army massed all their forces early in the day, planning a brutal attack which they hoped would stun the North beyond repair. But the ambitious hopes of General Lee never came to pass, as a strengthened Northern Army fought gallantly and badly whipped the Confederates. The rebel Army was torn apart and any chance for them to capture Gettysburg was gone. Under the leadership of General Hancock, the Union soldiers beat back every attacking wave that the South launched at them. The inspired Northern fighters were able to push Lee's Army back into Virginia. The defeat was a crushing one for Confederate President, Jefferson Davis, at a time when it appeared that the North might be on the verge of a total collapse

48 - SMASHING THE ENEMY
Champion's Hill, Miss. - July 4, 1863
REBEL FORCES LOSE CHAMPION'S HILL
The South was defeated at Champion's Hill after one of the bloodiest sieges of the war. Northern fighters kept up a steady barrage of men and bullets which finally succeeded in overpowering the Confederates. Trying in vain to protect themselves, the South set up one last stronghold on top of the hill and attempted to blast everything that attacked. For a while at appeared that the Confederates could xxxxx destroying the Northern soldiers as xxxx they charged. But the Unions continuous offensive force jammed the Southern machinery to a standstill and brought about its defeat. The one-time mighty Army of General Pemberton was in the hands of the Union. The South was in trouble.

49 - THE EXPLOSION
Port Hudson, La. - July 8, 1863
PORT HUDSON IS TAKEN BY UNION
The North's continued assault has finally eliminated all of the Southern reistance at Port Hudson. General Grant's victory here was not an easy one, but it was one of the most important triumphs of the war. Union agents arrived at Port Hudson ahead of the Army and sabotaged two Southern battleships which were used for defense. When the invading military force from the North arrived, a vicious battle broke out. The Confederates realized that if they were to lose Port Hudson, the entire Mississippi River would be in the hands of the Union. Desperately trying to win, the South hoped to be able to tUrn back General Grant. But the Northern seige proved too overpowering. The Mississippi River was lost and the South's existence is being threatened.

50 - STOLEN SECRETS
New York, N.Y. - July 25, 1863
WOMAN SPY RETURNS TO NORTHERN LINES
One of the North's most daring secret agents returned to New York today, to tell about her hair-raising assignment in the South. Pauline Cushman, a brave female spy, went to Kentucky touring in a play, and gained the confidence of the Southern soldiers, by toasting the Confederacy. Many times Pauline sent valuable information to the Federal headquarters, until on one hazardous mission she was caught by a guard. Pauline went on trial and was to be executed, but Union troops attacked he Confederate stronghold. The fleeing soldiers forgot about Pauline, leaving the heroine in the hands of the Northern soldiers. Miss Cushman is soon going to Washington where she will be honored by President LincoIn.

51 - HORSE THIEVES
Simsiown, Ky. - Aug. 10, 1863
UNION BAND STEALS SOUTHERN HORSES
A band of Northern scouts completely disrupted a small southern military camp, when they set fire to the tents and stampeded the Confederates horses. The Union soldiers accidentally stumbled upon the small outpost as they rode through the country, returning to their division after a scouting mission. One of the Northern soldiers set fire to the camp while the others released the horses from the Confederate corral. The cries of the Northern soldiers awakened the Rebels and they rushed out after their enemies. Discovering that their horses were gone, the Southern soldiers picked up rifles and fired at the Union Scouts. The Northern soldiers fled, returning to their troops and telling their comrades about the raid.

52 - FRIENDLY ENEMIES
Chattanooga, Tenn. - Sept. 10, 1863
CHATTANOOGA TO UNION AFTER BATTLE
The bodies of the dead and wounded covered the battlefield for miles, after the Northern Army came storming into Chattanooga. Led by General Rosecrans, the Union Army gained control of the larger Southern city at the cost of many lives. Nurses and Physicians were hard to recruit to the actual battlefront and often those who might have been saved bled to death. Since medical aid could not be administered to all, often two wounded soldiers would try to help and bandage one another. Shirt sleeves were applied as tourniquets to stop bleeding from wounds, and head bandages were made from old handkerchiefs. Once wounded, the soldiers no longer thought of war, and only tried to help themselves survive.

53 - TRAIN OF DOOM
Chattanooga, Tenn. - Sept. 15, 1863
TRAIN WRECK KILLS 125 REBEL SOLDIERS
Train tracks were destroyed along a narrow mountainous stretch of land and caused the worst wreck in the history of Tennessee. Northern soldiers plotted the wreck for weeks anticipating the arrival of a supply train this afternoon. The train plunged from the track into the river below, a drop of 85 feet. The engineer saw the break in the tracks but couldn't halt the train in time. He shouted a warning to the soldiers, which enabled some to jump to safety before the steel coffin carried its victims to their doom. Confederate forces needed the supplies and reinforcements on board the train, in order to continue fighting, the Northern soldier.s. Medical supplies for treating, the wounded in Southern hospitals were also lost in the crash.

54 - A HORSEMAN FALLS
Chickamauga, Ga. - Sept. 20, 1863
NORTH STAGES RALLY AT CHICKAMAUGA
The Northern forces were driven back yesterday and looked on the verge of defeat but the Confederates never arrived with the GENERAL LEE. The Southern leader, General Bragg, refused to continue the battle into the night. He believed that his troops would be able to finish the North off in the morning, but Bragg didn't count on reinforcements arriving while he slept. Led by General Thomas the revitalized Northern troops were able to slam into Confederate territory and halt Bragg's drive. Several Confederate officers, were bitter at the Southern failure and blamed General Bragg's faulty reasoning. The officers have reported directly to President Jefferson Davis, and have pinpointed their beliefs on why the battle was lost.

55 - THE SILENT DRUM
New Lisbon, Ohio - Nov. 15, 1863
UNION DRUMMER BOY KILLED BY BULLET
Young Billy Harris, a 14 year old drummer boy was shot by a stray bullet at New Lisbon this afternoon. Billy was riding with a troop of Northern soldiers when a skirmish broke out with a group of Confederate soldiers. The young boy always liked to stay as close to the battle-front as he could, although he had been warned by the soldiers to take cover when there was a battle. Billy watched his comrades fighting and he cheered as they took the upper hand in the battle. Picking up his drumsticks, Billy started beating out a rhythm in the midst of the gun-fire. Before he could be ordered away by a soldier, a bullet struck the lad and killed him almost instantly The drummer boy died in the arms of his uncle, one of the Northern combatants.

56 - BURST OF FIRE
Lookout Mountain, Tenn. - Nov. 24, 1863
NORTH CONTROLS LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN
Fighting in a heavy mist, the Northern soldiers completely wrecked the Confederate forces today, and gained control of Lookout Mountain. The fog was so thick that often the only things that could be seen were the flashes of gunfire. The Union expected a long drawn out battle, but they didn't know that they outnumbered the Confederate men by 6 to 1. The Rebels were forced to retreat as the Northern troops pressed harder for victory. General Grant was pleased at learning of the capture of Lookout Mountain. Grant now plans to continue his assault on the main line of soldiers stationed at Missionary Ridge. He has sent orders to General Sherman and General Thomas to take the ridge immediately.

57 - PUSHED TO HIS DOOM
Missionary Ridge, Tenn. - Nov. 25, 1863
GRANT ROUTS THE CONFEDERATE ARMY
The show-down that has been brewing for the past several weeks exploded with sudden viciousness this afternoon as the Northern soldiers bravely charged at their enemy and smashed the Confederate Army. Grant ordered General Thomas to try to seize the Confederate line at the base of Missionary Ridge. The men did this and continued up the mountain, completely routing Bragg's Rebel Army. In the meantime, General Sherman was involved in combat with a small group of Confederate soldiers without making any headway. Thomas's men came to the rescue of Sherman and the Confederate forces at Missionary Ridge are now completely shattered. President Lincoln has appointed General Grant the commander of all the Union Armies.

58 - ANGEL OF MERCY
Kent, Tenn.- Dec. 25, 1863
CLARA BARTON HELPS WOUNDED TROOPS
The casualty list continues to mount day by day as men die simply because of the lack of medical care. Clara Barton, who had a safe office job in Washington before the war, is one of the most familiar figures at battlefront hospitals. Working tirelessly, Clara is often on her feet 16 hours a day treating the injured and the sick. The lack of proper facilities makes Clara's job much tougher, but the brave woman thinks only of the men and not of herself. Not only does she treat the wounded, but she cares for soldiers who have often contacted contagious diseases. Clara is loved by the soldiers of the North and South, caring for all without any discrimination. As the endless flow of wounded keep pouring into the hospitals, the angel of mercy continues her work.

59 - SUBMARINE ATTACK
Charleston, Va. - Feb. 17, 1864
SUBMARINE ATTACKS NORTHERN SHIP
The first example of submarine warfare took place today when a Confederate submarine attacked a Northern vessel. This afternoon "The Hunley" launched an attack on several Northern ships near Charleston harbor.With it's guns not having much effect on the sea-craft, the officer in charge decided to ram the steel vessel into a ship. A tremendous explosion followed, sending the Union ship to the bottom of the sea. The submarine was damaged because of the impact and it too went to the a watery grave destroying a crew of nine. The inventor of the submarine, Horace Hunley, never lived to see his boat in combat. Hunley was killed n a trial run when the submarine had not been perfected.

60 - SUICIDE CHARGE
Fort Pillow, Tenn. - Apr. 12, 1864
REBELS BEAT NORTH AT FORT PILLOW
Led by General Nathan Forrest, the Confederate Army smashed the Northern troops earlier today and gained control of strategic Fort Pillow. Waving a fake truce flag the Southern soldiers moved up to positions that they hadn't been able to attain by fighting.The Union troops in the fort were badly outnumbered and surrendered when they saw that fighting was useless.THe Rebel General Forrest has made quite a name for himself in recent months. Before the war, a slave trader, Forrest has made things tough for the North.He leads his men after the enemy and continues to push down on them, never giving the opposition time to relax. Northern fighters have come to fear the name of General Nathan Forrest.

61 - THE FLAMING FOREST
The Wilderness, Va. - May 5, 1864
FIGHTING COSTLY BOTH SIDES
The North and South engaged in a furious battle in the wilderness today as the Confederate army is trying to desperately turn back the invading Northerners. Realizing that Richmond is an danger of falling into Union hands, General Lee has his men fighting at full strength. Losses have continued to pile up very heavily on both sides, with the wounded falling faster than reinforcements pour in. Often two opposing soldiers stand toe to toe, rifles their hands intent on deadly combat. Flames constantly break out in different areas of the wilderness, sending the soldiers in the area scurrying for safety. Neither side has appeared to have made e any headway in the battle.

62 - THE GENERAL DIES
The Wilderness, Va. - May 5, 1864
NORTHERN GENERAL SHOT BY SNIPER
The North mourned the death of one of their finest leaders and soldiers today, General John Sedgwick.The brave man was shot by an unseen sniper after speaking to his men. Ironically, the general had just told his men that in their present situation snipers "could not hit an elephant." The bullet came out of the forest, leaving Sedgwick beyond help. A search party was immediately dispatched to try and find some trace of the executioner The search proved to be a wasted effort, for the clever Rebel had vanished into the deepest part of the wilderness. In a speech at Washington, President Lincoln praised General Sedgwick and asked the people of the North to mourn for the dead soldier.

63 - AMBUSHED
Yellow Tavern, Va. - May 11, 1864
GENERAL STUART DIES FROM WOUND
Death came to one of South's most famous military leaders, General Jeb Stuart, today. Doctors had given him little chance to survive since his gunshot wound was inflicted yesterday. A Yankee soldier shot him in the stomach as he watched the general ride by. General Stuart was returning to the battlefront to watch his Army fight to save Richmond when he was struck down. The loss of Stuart puts General Lee in a tough spot. Lee has already lost Stonewall Jackson, and several of his other top generals are sick or injured. With Northern troops pressing harder than ever toward Richmond, General Lee must come to a fast decision. President Jefferson Davis has asked the Confederacy to mourn the dead leader.

64 - JAWS OF DEATH
Bloody Angle, Va. - May 12, 1864
BLOODY BATTLE AT BLOODY ANGLE
A vicious battle broke out at the Bloody Angle bringing death for thousands of soldiers on both sides today. Combat was done at close range with charges and counter charges, leaving the fields drenched in blood. When the fighting stopped, nothing had been accomplished except for destruction. General Lee pulled back his lines, seeing that his Southern Army wasn't making any headway. Officers described today's battle as "the most repulsive fighting" of the War. From close range soldiers stabbed one another to death with bayonets. Cannons were fired at charging soldiers at point-blank range, leaving little left of the poor souls who were hit. The bloodshed continued through a heavy rain and fog from morning till past midnight.

65 - FLAMING DEATH
Spotsylvania, Va. - May 12, 1864
SOLDIERS FALL AS BATTLE RAGES ON
Northern troops led by General Grant met the Confederate force with a violent crash today. The shocking figure of 12,000 dead in one day of combat has stunned the nation. Battling for just one square mile of land, both Armies have had to sacrifice many of their bravest young men. From the Southern Camp, an endless stream of wagons continue to carry the wounded back to Richmond. Northern casualties are pouring into Washington's hospital for aid. The Confederates used fire to turn back the Northern attack during the day. Setting part of the area ablaze, the Union soldiers were temporarily halted. When the fighting, started again, !he North's General Barlow led a fresh division of men into Spotsylvania and pushed the Rebels out.

66 - VICTIM OF THE WAR
Resaca, Ga. - May 15, 1864
YOUNG SOLDIERS DIE IN BATTLE
Southern troops met with disastrous results when they tried to defend the town of Resaca, this morning. Young Southern soldiers were the only available help that could be rushed to General Johnston. Fighting against General Sherman's tough soldiers, the inexperienced Confederate division was crushed. For the young fighters, many of whom had just joined up and were still in their teens, the battle was over before it began. Completely defenseless in the rain of bullets, the Confederates were cut down unmercifully. Surrender was the only way for them to survive, but the Southern boys fought bravely on. The Northern soldiers wrecked Resaca and moved onward to meet further Confederate opposition.

67 - DEADLY DUEL
New Hope Church, Ga. - May 25, 1864
STORMS DELAY THE FIGHTING
The sky opened up and nature roared viciously as thunder and lightning crashed over the battlefield at New Hope today.The storm held up the fighting and allowed both sides to gain much needed rest. The two Armies had been fighting for four days, with neither side making any important gains. When the storm struck, General Hooker's men had just started attacking the Confederate soldiers with vengeance. The men from the South were entrenched in a thicket and hoped to repel the invaders from there. A victory for the Union at New Hope would make things a lot easier for General Sheridan if he plans to march all the way to Atlanta. Reinforcements are reported on their way to General Hooker and the Confederates may, be forced to retreat.

68 - THE WILL TO WIN
Cold Harbor, Va. - June 3, 1864
GRANT'S ATTACK FAILS; LEE READY
General Lee's men fought heroically and succeeded in forcing the Northern Army to turn and retreat after its unsuccessful attack at Cold Harbor today. The Union defeat was blamed on the delay of the attack when some Northern officers misunderstood Grant's orders. The 24 hour delay in the Union attack allowed General Lee's Army to prepare themselves. When the Northern soldiers finaIly launched their invasion, the Confederates blasted Grant's attack apart. During the first half hour of battle 7,000 Union casualties fell under the fire. Trying desperately to hold Cold Harbor, General Grant had his troops pull back and then attack again. The maneuver failed to fool the Confederate soldiers who only continued their deadly fire.

69 - DEATH IN THE WATER
Cherbourg, France - June 19, 1864
UNION'S KEARSARGE SINKS THE ALABAMA
The "Alabama" will never again terrorize the sea. The North's "Kearsarge" successfully met and sank the Southern destroyer in a duel off the coast of France this afternoon. The "Alabama" put up a very poor fight, for its gunmen were used to firing upon unarmed merchant vessels, and not dueling with experienced Naval warships. News of the Alabama's defeat was cause for jubilation in the Union camp. During the past two years, "The Alabama" had destroyed almost $6 million worth of Union property, including 58 merchant ships. Crew members of the Alabama floundered helplessly in shark infested water after the attack, until they were picked up by the "Kearsarge." Others in the crew made it to shore in small boats.

70 - THE SNIPER
Haven Falls, Ga. - July 15, 1864
UNION SOLDIERS BURN SOUTHERN TOWN
A division of Northern soldiers completely wrecked and burned Haven Falls, a small town in Georgia this evening. Marching toward General Grant's Army, the Union men came upon the evacuated town by accident. Stealing whatever valuables they could find, the soldiers then set the town ablaze with huge torches. One of the town's citizens had not left and watched the proceedings in anger from a roof-top. Using his rifle, the sniper was able to pick off many of the invaders as they galloped through the street below him. Unable to spot their unseen assailant, the Union soldiers had to leave the town rather than risk being shot. The damage to Haven Falls had been done, however. So the town burned.

71 - NO ESCAPE
Whistle Falls, Ga. - July 16, 1864
UNION FORCES MOVE THROUGH GEORGIA
Alarm spreads through the city of Atlanta today as Confederate scouts continue to report that the Northern Armies are making their way toward the city. Small skirmishes have broken out 40 miles from Atlanta, as Southern troops are rallying to put a halt to the continual Northern advance. The general belief is that the Northern Army will slowly gather in strength as they plan their attack on the state capital. A reliable source has informed this newspaper that General John Hood will be put in command of the Confederate troops when the time comes to defend Atlanta. Other whispers about the city hint that a mass exodus of the citizens may take place if the Northern Army continues its forward movement.

72 - THE CANNON'S VICTIM
Peachtree Creek, Ga. - July 17, 1864
FIGHTING CONTINUES NEAR ATLANTA
Commanded by Gen. John Hood, the Confederate forces moved forward to greet the oncoming enemy in an effort to stop the Union's advance. Fighting broke out at Peach Tree Creek, from where Hood had hoped to turn back the Northern Army. The Northern soldiers badly battered their opposition, forcing the Southern Army to retreat to the outskirts of Atlanta. The combat was furious as Confederate and Union soldiers intermingled and fought hand to hand. Heavy losses piled up on both sides, and after several hours, the Southern soldiers were forced to retreat. Hundreds lay dead on the battlefield, while the Union soldiers gathered up their strength to continue onwards toward Atlanta.

73 - THROUGH THE SWAMP
Grey Embers, Ga.- July 21, 1864
NORTHERN ARMY DRAWS NEAR ATLANTA
Through the thick Georgia swamp, Northern invaders continue coming dangerously close to Atlanta. The swampland and its hazards have slowed up their progress, but the Union Army never ceases its forward movement toward the city. The soldiers are unfamiliar with Georgia terrain and have found the swamp to be very perilous. Troops have to be constantly on the lookout for quicksand which swallows up its victims without any warning. Alligators lurk silently in the swamp and can snap off a man's leg in seconds, as he passes by. Having spirit and determination,the Northern troops press harder as they fight nature. The goal of Atlanta is etched in their minds and the soldiers would not quit until they've reached the city.

74 - FIGHTING FOR VICTORY
Atlanta, Ga.-July 22, 1864
ATLANTA FALLS INTO NORTHERN HANDS
Victory was in sight for the North as soon as the Union troops stormed into the city of Atlanta and battled the Confederate soldiers. General Hood was beaten back and the city fell into the hands of the North. Not giving up, Hood and his Rebel Army attacked from a different direction in an attempt to push General Sherman out of the city. The Union troops were ready for this attack and repulsed it. Again and again the Southern Army attacked, but each wave was turned back. General Sherman wired President Lincoln word of the victory. The White House received the news joyously and for the first time Lincoln had hopes of the war ending in the near future. During the battle, one of the North's finest officers, General McPherson was killed in action.

75 - THE FAMILY FLEES
Atlanta, Ga.- July 22, 1864
ATLANTA FAMILIES FLEE FLAMING CITY
With soldiers from the north at their frontdoors, families living in Atlanta have gathered whatever possessions they can carry and are fleeing for safety. Union soldiers have burnt down some valuable southern plantations on the outskirts of the city, forcing the families to fear for their lives. The roads are loaded with carts and horses as the people leave the battle area. Northern troops do not bother the citizens as they pass them on the roads. General Sherman has issued an order to the Citizens of Atlanta. which commands them to evacuate the city. Hoping to Crush Georgia's desire for war by breaking the spirit of the people, Sherman has made them homeless.

76 - BLAZING CANNON
Mobile Say, Ala. - Aug. 5, 1864
MOBILE BAY IS CAPTURED BY NORTH
Admiral Farragut's fleet of Northern ships sailed defiantly past two Southern forts protecting Mobile Bay, this afternoon. The North was intent on capturing the bay. Rushing out to greet the invaders, with guns firing, was the ironclad, "The Tennessee." "The Tennessee" fired at Farragut's fleet, but the ironclad was old and badly overmatched. In a few hours the Southern ship surrendered, leaving Mobile Bay completely in the hands of the Northern fleet. Admiral Farragut sailed up to the harbor, ignoring, the mines which were in the water. This latest con- quest by the Union Navy has seriously endangered the Confederacy's economy, with the North already in control of many of the South's seaports.

77 - TRAPPED
Fisher's Hill, Va.- Sept. 22, 1864
REBEL TROOPS FAIL AT FISHER'S HILL
Soldiers on both sides fought with all their fury, but in the end it was the North that won the battle of Fisher's Hill. Led by General Early, The Confederacy's Army was weak and tired but managed to start with a blistering attack. The initial thrust sent the Northern soldiers back and for a little while it looked like Early would be victorious. General Sheridan, realizing the danger, rallied his men by riding to the battlefront and giving the Northerners inspiration. Suddenly it was the Union that was doing the pushing and the Rebels faltered badly. Bullets sent the Southerners scattering for cover as Sheridan led the charge of his soldiers. The rebels retreated as Early tried futilely to reorganize his men. The North easily gained control of Fisher's Hill.

78 - SUDDEN ATTACK
Cedar Creek, Va.- Oct. 19, 1864
UNION TROOPS GO ON A RAMPAGE
Still trying to recuperate from recent defeats, General Early's Southern Army tried valiantly to defend itself from the savage Northern attack, today. Sheridan's Union forces were sure of victory as they confidently swept down on their enemies. Caught by surprise, the Rebel Army barely had time to reach their weapons before a rain of ammunition poured at their heads, Northern soldiers stormed directly into the stockade and fought the Confederates hand to hand. Unable to defend themselves, General Early told his men to retreat. Little did Early know that the Northern fighters had completely surrounded the stockade. The Northern victory at Cedar Creek brought a chilling realization to Jefferson Davis that the Confederacy was losing the war

79 - COUNCIL OF WAR
Northern Headquarters - Nov. 1, 1864
GRANT AND LINCOLN DISCUSS THE WAR
President Lincoln met with the commanding officer in charge of the Northern Army, General Grant, this afternoon. The two men discussed the current campaigns and battle plans for the future. Lincoln hopes that the fighting will end soon and that the weary soldiers on both sides will be able to rejoin their families. Military maps were studied by both men and Grant revealed some of the Union's strategic moves to the president. Discussing future plans, General Grant was optimistic that the war would end within the year. He believed that the North's military strength was just nearing its peak and gave as evidence the recent shattering victories over the Confederate Army. Lincoln expressed his great confidence in Grants decisions.

80 - CITY IN FLAMES
Atlanta, Ga.- Nov. 15, 1864
SHERMAN WATCHES AS ATLANTA BURNS
One of the finest cities in the South, Atlanta was burned and destroyed by Northern troops, today. General Sherman had ordered the city evacuated of non-military personnel several months ago and since then the flow of the inhabitants from Atlanta has been continual. This afternoon Sherman ordered his men to burn Atlanta. Union soldiers carried huge torches through the city, setting afire the deserted homes and stores. Sherman watched from a hillside on the outskirts of the city as the flames devoured Atlanta. The Northern General hopes to break Georgia's spirit and will for war by destroying one of her most important cities. The people of the South have been shocked by the destruction of Atlanta.

81 - DEADLY DEFENSE
Nashville, Tenn.- Dec. 16, 1864
DEFEATED REBEL GENERAL IN TEARS
Badly crushed by the Northern Army at Nashville, General Hood wept bitterly after his defeat. The Southern Army fought gallantly trying to recapture Nashville from General Thomas. Thomas had turned the city of Nashville into an Army Camp for the North. Soldiers guarded the outside sections of the city and cannons were in the streets. Every precaution had been taken to prevent a sneak attack from General Hood's Rebel Army. When the Southern Army did strike, Thomas was ready. The brave soldiers met head-on, in one of the bloodiest battles of the war. The Northern soldiers smashed the center of the Confederate Army and split it in two. When the rain poured down, the Army was so disorganized that Hood had to retreat.

82 - DESTROYING THE RAILS
Savannah, Ga.- Dec. 21, 1864
SHERMAN STORMS THROUGH GEORGIA
GeneraI Sherman brought his own brand of terror to Savannah today as his Northern Army marched through the city. As he has done throughout the state of Georgia, Sherman had his men destroy Savannah. Soldiers ripped up all the railroads in the city and burned the bridges. Men stormed through the streets of the town, looting the homes of citizens.The Northern General's reputation is frightening to the people of Georgia yet thousands of freed slaves look upon him as their liberator. Food wasn't a problem for the Northern Army, since they had long forgotten about Army rations 'The soldiers ate fine beef and chicken which they acquired as they ransacked the towns of Georgia.

83 - THE LOOTERS
Savannah, Ga. - Dec. 23, 1864
SOUTHERN MANSIONS LOOTED BY SOLDIERS
Northern soldiers ha~e been terrorizing the Georgia countryside for the past several days with their looting of the huge mansions which have been left unprotected. Meeting no resistance, the Union looters have entered the large estates and stripped them of their valuables. Clothes, jewels and furniture have been carried out by the soldiers and sent back home to their own families. Women and children have been forced to fee from their homes, rather than put up with the intruders. The plantations and mansions are usually burned once the Northern soldiers have emptied them out. Homeless victims, who once lived in huge, graceful plantations, wander the countryside for days without food or shelter.

84 - DEADLY ARROWS
Columbia, S. C. - Feb. 16, 1865
INDIANS AID THE NORTHERN ARMY
A small band of Northern soldiers spotted and raided a secret Rebel military camp in a small clearing near Columbia, today. Using Indians to surprise sentries, the group Union fighters attacked the camp. Rebels heard a commotion outside their tents and sprang into action. Using tomahawks, the Indians struck savagely at the Southern Soldiers. Flaming arrows flew through the air, igniting the tents. Picking up their rifles, the Rebels tried blasting the Union soldiers and the Indians. Quickly the attackers retreated into the forest. The surprised rebels, left uncovered in the forest, retreated to their main headquarters. There they told the story of how only a "handful of Indians and soldiers" had caused such havoc in their camp.

85 - ATTACKED FROM BEHIND
Waynesboro, Va.- Mar. 2, 1865
BADLY BEATEN REBELS RETREAT
Southern troops tried in vain to withstand a blistering assault by General Sheridan's Union Army, this afternoon. There was no defense against the overpowering might that the North unleashed on its victims. General Lee has sent a warning to President Jefferson Davis that the Confederacy must be prepared to expect the worst. With only meager fighting forces available to the South at Waynesboro, the North crushed their opposition. With hardly any effort Sheridan was able to turn back the Rebel attack and he quickly gathered his Army up and headed for Petersburg. Petersburg could be the last battle of the War if the Union were able to repel the staggering Confederate troops.

86 - DYNAMITE VICTIM
Petersburg, Va.- Apr. 2, 1865
NORTH BLASTS REBEL ARMY AT PETERSBURG
Helpless to do anything except try to protect themselves, the Southern forces were unmercifully beaten by Grant's Northern Army. Aided by Sheridan's troops, Grant tore the entire Rebel Army apart. Southern soldiers fled from the battlefield once they realized that they were hopelessly outnumbered. Northern fighters have dynamited the South's last barrier and has completely devastated General Lee's Army. Word of the Southern Army's defeat has been taken to Richmond. Jefferson Davis has fled from Richmond and taken his government with him. The people of the state capital are preparing themselves for the invasion of the Northern troops. All of the Confederate's military power has been smashed.

87 - THE WAR ENDS
Appomattox, Va. - Apr. 9, 1865
LEE SURRENDERS; THE WAR IS OVER
The War is over! Lee and Grant met at Appomattox today and agreed to terms. Sad and tired, Lee signed a treaty which allowed the men of both sides to put down their arms. The years of bloodshed and tears are over for the North and the South, and the soldiers can return to their homes and families. Lee's men furled up Confederate flag for the last time. A horror which had lasted for more than four years has come to an end. At 4:00 P.M. Lee left Appomattox on his horse, "Traveller," and rejoined the remains of his once mighty Army. He passed the blood stained battlefields, sadly thinking of the friends he had lost during the war. The fighting was finished but the scars would never vanish.

CIVIL WAR NEWS CARD CHECKLIST
01 - THE ANGRY MAN
02 - PRESIDENT JEFF DAVIS
03 - THE WAR STARTS
04 - REBEL POWER
05 - EXPLODING FURY
06 - PULLED TO SAFETY
07 - DEATH AT SEA
08 - DESTRUCTIVE BLOW
09 - SAVAGES ATTACK
10 - DESTRUCTION AT SEA
11 - ATTACK
12 - BLOODY COMBAT
13 - DYING EFFORT
14 - FIGHT TO THE FINISH
15 - NATURE'S FURY
16 - DIRECT HIT
17 - THE FLAMING RAFT
18 - DEATH TO THE ENEMY
19 - PUSHED TO HIS DOOM
20 - DEATH FALL
21 - PAINFUL DEATH
22 - WAVE OF DEATH
23 - CRUSHED BY WHEELS
24 - AFTER THE BATTLE
25 - HANGING THE SPY
26 - MESSENGER OF DEATH
27 - BLOOD MASSACRE
28 - THE CANNON ROARS
29 - BRIDGE OF DOOM
30 - CHARGING THE BULLETS
31 - TERROR OF THE SEA
32 - THE EXPLOSION
33 - FIGHT FOR SURVIVAL
34 - WALL OF CORPSES
35 - GASPING FOR AIR
36 - MIDNIGHT RAID
37 - DEATH BARGES IN
38 - GENERAL GRANT
39 - GENERAL LEE
40 - BULLETS OF DEATH
41 - PROTECTING HIS FAMILY
42 - THE BATTLE CONTINUES
43 - COSTLY MISTAKE
44 - SHOT TO DEATH
45 - THE RIVERBOAT EXPLODES
46 - VICIOUS ATTACK
47 - DEATH BATTLE
48 - SMASHING THE ENEMY
49 - THE EXPLOSION
50 - STOLEN SECRETS
51 - HORSE THIEVES
52 - FRIENDLY ENEMIES
53 - TRAIN OF DOOM
54 - A HORSEMAN FALLS
55 - THE SILENT DRUM
56 - BURST OF FIRE
57 - PUSHED TO HIS DOOM
58 - ANGEL OF MERCY
59 - SUBMARINE ATTACK
60 - SUICIDE CHARGE
61 - THE FLAMING FOREST
62 - THE GENERAL DIES
63 - AMBUSHED
64 - JAWS OF DEATH
65 - FLAMING DEATH
66 - VICTIM OF THE WAR
67 - DEADLY DUEL
68 - THE WILL TO WIN
69 - DEATH IN THE WATER
70 - THE SNIPER
71 - NO ESCAPE
72 - THE CANNON'S VICTIM
73 - THROUGH THE SWAMP
74 - FIGHTING FOR VICTORY
75 - THE FAMILY FLEES
76 - BLAZING CANNON
77 - TRAPPED
78 - SUDDEN ATTACK
79 - COUNCIL OF WAR
80 - CITY IN FLAMES
81 - DEADLY DEFENSE
82 - DESTROYING THE RAILS
83 - THE LOOTERS
84 - DEADLY ARROWS
85 - ATTACKED FROM BEHIND
86 - DYNAMITE VICTIM
87 - THE WAR ENDS
88 - CHECKLIST

CONFEDERATE CURRENCY CHECKLIST
01 - $1 Bill - Type One
02 - $1 Bill - Type Two
03 - $2 Bill - Type One
04 - $2 Bill - Type Two
05 - $5 Bill - Type One
06 - $5 Bill - Type Two
07 - $5 Bill - Type Three
08 - $10 Bill - Type One
09 - $10 Bill - Type Two
10 - $20 Bill - Type One
11 - $20 Bill - Type Two
12 - $20 Bill - Type Three
13 - $50 Bill - Type One
14 - $50 Bill - Type Two
15 - $100 Bill - Type One
16 - $500 Bill - Type One
17 - $1000 Bill - Type One